one of the northern governorates with a rich historical heritage, including antiquities from the Kingdom of Assyria and the Abbasid era. It houses the Malwiya and Mallawiya Abu Dalaf minarets, as well as palaces belonging to Abbasid princes. It also contains the two most prominent Shiite shrines, Ali ibn Muhammad al-Hadi and al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Askari.